低蛋白饲粮缬氨酸水平对肥育猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2019.09.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在研究低蛋白饲粮（蛋白水平与NRC（2012）推荐水平相比降低约2个百分点）中缬氨酸（Val）水平对肥育猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质的影响。本研究选取（75.17±1.86）kg杜×长×大三元杂交母猪54头，随机分为3组（每组6个重复，每个重复3头），分别饲喂标准回肠可消化Val水平为0.33%（低水平Val，L-Val）、0.48%（NRC推荐水平，N-Val，对照组）和0.65%（高水平Val，H-Val）的饲粮。试验期共35 d。对肥育猪的生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质采用相应的方法进行测定。结果发现：1）L-Val组相比于对照组显著降低了肥育猪平均日增重和平均日采食量（P<0.05）；2）与对照组相比，饲粮含高水平Val显著降低了总胆固醇、白蛋白、葡萄糖含量、胰岛素活性与胰岛素抵抗指数（P<0.05），饲粮含低水平Val显著降低了游离脂肪酸、总蛋白和胰岛素样生长因子I的含量（P<0.05）；3）与对照组相比，采食含低水平Val和高水平Val的饲粮都显著降低了肥育猪热胴体重（P<0.05），随着Val水平增加，第10肋背膘厚和肌内脂肪含量线性降低（P<0.05），并且有增加无脂瘦肉指数的线性趋势（P=0.06）；4）与对照组相比，L-Val组显著降低了剪切力和大理石纹评分（P<0.05），随着Val水平增加，滴水损失线性降低（P<0.01）。结果表明，低Val水平饲粮降低了肥育猪平均日增重、热胴体重、剪切力和大理石花纹评分，增加了肌内脂肪含量、第10肋背膘厚和滴水损失，对生长性能、胴体性状和系水力有负面影响。高Val水平饲粮没有进一步提升生长性能，但对胴体性状和肉品质有改善作用，同时增强了胰岛素敏感性。

Abstract: This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of dietary valine level in low protein diets (protein levels were reduced by approximately 2 percentage points compared to the recommended level of NRC (2012)) on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of finishing pigs. Fifty-four Duroc×Landrace×Large White gilts with the body weight of (75.17±1.86) kg were assigned into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 3 gilts per replicate. The gilts in the 3 groups were fed diets containing 0.33% (low valine level, L-Val group), 0.48% (NRC recommended level of valine, N-Val group, as control group) or 0.65% (high valine level, H-Val group) standardized ileal digestible valine, respectively.The experiment lasted for 35 days. The growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of finishing pigs were determined by corresponding methods. The results showed that:1) The average daily gain and average daily feed intake of finishing pigs in L-Val group were significantly reduced compared with control group (P<0.05); 2) Compared with the control group, the concentrations of serum total cholesterol, albumin, glucose, insulin activity and HOMA-IR in H-Val group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the concentrations of serum free fatty acid, total protein and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ in L-Val group were significantly decreased (P<0.05); 3) With the increase of Val level, the carcass weight of pigs fed both L-Val and H-Val diets was significantly decreased (P<0.05), as dietary Val level increasing, the 10^th rib fat thickness and intramuscular fat content were linear reduced (P<0.05), and there was a linear trend to increase fat-free lean index (P=0.06); 4) Compared with the control group, the shear force and marbling score significantly reduced in L-Val group(P<0.05), and the drip loss decreased linearly as Val level increasing (P<0.01). The results indicated that diets with low Val level reduced the average daily gain, carcass weight, shear force and marble score of finishing pigs, increased intramuscular fat content, the 10^th rib fat thickness and drip loss, and had a negative impact on growth performance, carcass traits and water holding capacity. Diets with high Val level did not further improve growth performance, while improved carcass traits and meat quality, and enhanced insulin sensitivity.

中图分类号:

S828.5

王宇波, 许豆豆, 何鑫, 董冰, 尹靖东. 低蛋白饲粮缬氨酸水平对肥育猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(9): 1832-1840.

WANG Yubo, XU Doudou, HE Xin, DONG Bing, YIN Jingdong. Effects of Valine Level in Low Protein Diets on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Finishing Pigs[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2019, 50(9): 1832-1840.

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